HOW TO REDUCE OEDEMA

INTRODUCTION

            Oedema occur when something distupt the usual balance of fluid in cell.As a result,an abnormal fluid accumulate in tissue(interstitial space).gravity pull the fluid into the leg.

TYPES OF OEDEMA

Pitting odema-indentation persists even after release of pressure.

non pitting oedema-indentation made by pressure does not persists

CAUSES

TEMPORARY CAUSES ARE

                                 injury

                                 sitting and standing too long

                                 Pregnancy

                                 hormonal chnages

                                 excessive salt intake

                                 drug reactions;drug that may cause peripheral oedema are;high blood pressure modification

                                 corticosteroids

                                 NSAIDs

                                 hormones like oestrogen and testosterone

                                 opiods

                                 calcium channel blockers

                                 diabetic drugs

                                 anticonvulsants

                                 antidepressants,proton pump inhibitor

DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH OEDEMA

                                venous insufficieny

                                heart failure

                                pericarditis

                                malnutrition

                                cancer

                                pulmonary hypertension

                                renal failure

                                lymphoedema

                                sleep apnea

PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT

                  Massage is used to reduce oedema,it is often combined with elevation,active exercise,passive movement and elastic compression to hvae the lasting effect

                 ELEVATION- raise the bed end above the level of heart to reduce the oedema

                 Massage is administrated in the form of  deep effleurage,picking up and friction

                 For soft oedema-effleurage ids used frquently along with light kneading

                 For endurant oedema-deep kneading and friction interspread with effleurage

                 The proximal area should be drained first,then the distal area is approached.To end with, the whole area should be drained once again  

EFFECTS

                 the chance of accumulation of waste prevented/minimized

                 stagnation of blood and lymph is reduced

                 venous lymphatic drainage improves

                 oedema reduces

                 facilitates the circulation in the capillaries

                 increases the blood flow

                 keep the structure free from adhesion

CONTRAINDICATION

                 High fever

                 Sever renal and cardiac diseases

                 Osteoporosis

                 severe spasticity

                 acute inflammation

                 recent fracture

                 varicose vein

                 thrombosis and ateriosclerosis

                 myosities ossificans and malignancy