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AMPUTATION

DEFINITION Amputation is defined as the surgical removal of a part or whole limb disarticulation means removal of limb through the joint INDICATION ·     Dead ·     Dying ·     Dangerous ·     Dud ·     Distressing CONDITION Traumatic condition ·     Road traffic accidents ·     Occupational crush injuries ·     Train traffic accident Vascular condition ·      Arteriosclerosis ·      Gangrene ·      Thromboangitiisobliterans Neoplastic condition ·      Malignant tumours of bone and soft tissues Infective condition ·      Leprosy ·      Actinomycosis ·      Filarial elephantiasis ·      Gas gangrene Congenital Condition ·     If the limb is grossly deformed ·     Useless as in pseudoarthrosis tibia CAUSES             Common causes of amputation in different age group are as follows ·      Children (congenital anomalies) ·      Young adult(crush injuries) ·      Elderly(vascular condition e.g diabetes) TYPE OF AMPUTATION G
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LOCKED IN SYNDROME

  •    It occurs with basilar artery thrombosis and bilateral infarction of the ventral pons
  •    Locked in syndrome is a catastrophic event with sudden onset progressing to teraplegia and lower bulbar paralysis (5&12 cranial nerves) are involved.
  •    Intially dyarthric and dysphonic but rapidly progresses to mutism.
  •    There is preserved consciousness and sensation.
  •    Patient cannot move or speak but remains alert and oriented.
  •    Horizontal eye movements are impaired but vertical eye movement and blinking remain intact

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